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Traces of Earth's primordial magma ocean discovered in lava from a modern volcanic eruptio

In May 2018, the island of Mayotte, between Madagascar and Mozambique, began to experience a series of earthquakes that led to the discovery of an underwater volcano, now called Fani Maoré. Multiple scientific expeditions followed, taking samples of the recently erupted lava. Whe

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Paleontologists make 'one in a million' discovery of soft tissue preserved in 450-million-

Before the oldest dinosaur, before animals or even plants had expanded onto dry land, ancient relatives of starfish called crinoids, resembling stalked sea flowers, were among the first creatures to flourish in Earth's earliest coral reefs more than 450 million years ago. The stu

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Astronomers spot an extremely rare galaxy mega-merger

Scale in the universe is hard to understand from a purely human perspective. Many times, the math just doesn't sit well with our brains, which evolved to capture and process data about the world around us rather than grok the complexities of stellar dynamics and galaxy mergers. B

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Hidden fungal networks deliver carbon to green plants, experiment confirms

Beneath forests, grasslands and wetlands lies a hidden underground network of fungi known as mycorrhizal networks, sometimes nicknamed the "wood-wide web." These fungi live in partnership with plant roots, helping plants absorb nutrients from the soil in exchange for carbon compo

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Atomic 'domino effect' found to drive phase changes in a two-dimensional crystal

Phase transformations—in which a material changes from one crystal structure to another, thereby acquiring dramatically different properties—are ubiquitous in nature. Understanding the microscopic mechanisms of these transformations is essential for controlling material propertie

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AI system translates protein sequences into text, helping reveal functions of unknown prot

In a paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from Technion and Tel Aviv University present BetaDescribe, an AI system that translates protein sequences into natural-language descriptions, opening a new path toward understanding protein func

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Citizen science could grow beyond data collection under 10 proposed recommendations

Citizen science is booming and could play a much greater role in tackling climate change, reef health, biodiversity and public health challenges by involving members of the public throughout the research process, according to a new study.

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Isotopic signatures link hot spring magmatic water to the subducting Pacific Plate

Water flowing from hot springs near volcanoes often contains a mixture of meteoric water that has percolated underground and a deeper component known as magmatic water. Researchers at the University of Tsukuba used numerical simulations and isotopic data to show that magmatic wat

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Cheetah chases inspire researchers to make a biologically accurate video game

Movement data from wild predator–prey encounters and controlled human catch-tag games have been combined to create realistic simulations of high-intensity movement dynamics and energetics—before being transformed into a publicly accessible video game. This game uses a citizen sci

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Researchers develop AI tool that finds the equations behind complex systems

Clarkson University researchers have developed an artificial intelligence tool that can uncover the mathematical equations governing complex and chaotic systems directly from data. The technology, called KANDy—short for Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks for Dynamics—is designed to help

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Day-night ocean warming helps explain why El Niño outpaces La Niña in models

Researchers have long known that there is an asymmetry in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the confluence of wind and water currents that creates warm El Niño events and cooler La Niña events. Large-scale climate models tend to underrepresent this asymmetry for reasons th

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Teenagers understand social media algorithms but want more control, study finds

Teenagers want a greater voice in the design and governance of platforms such as TikTok, Instagram and YouTube, according to new research led by University College Dublin. Rather than passive victims of social media algorithms, the study found adolescents have a sophisticated und

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